Hard-to-reach, deeply located tumors remain a significant problem in oncology. Until recently, doctors could only remove them surgically. A lot of the brain tumors were considered incurable.

Gamma Knife radiosurgery sometimes becomes the choice of the best neurosurgeons in the world in treating brain disorders and removing a brain tumor without a scalpel and blood.

What is a Gamma Knife?

The Gamma Knife was developed at the end of the 1960s by Lars Leksell at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden. The idea was to focus the rays from several radiation sources at one point and thus achieve the effect of deleting the tumor.

Gamma Knife equipment delivers radiation more precisely than the most common types of radiation therapy. Gamma Knife refers to surgical techniques. However, unlike the regular operation, treatment takes place without a traditional knife, incisions, penetration into tissues, and anesthesia. The patient is conscious for the entire session. During the procedure, imaging examinations, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), allow doctors to obtain tumor images for a more effective treatment.

What is a Gamma Knife procedure?

The Gamma Knife irradiates the tumor with a precisely focused beam of radiation. The rays from more than 200 emitters converge at one point. At this point, cancer cells are destroyed as much as possible. At the same time, the healthy tissues are not affected.

The most potent radiation destroys cancer cells and inhibits their reproduction and tumor growth. The neoplasm does not disappear at once, as it happens during surgery. Instead, the tumor's destruction takes several months to two years.

Advantages of the Gamma Knife

The main advantage of Gamma Knife surgery is the delivery of a high dose of radiation to the tumor. That leads to a low dose of radiation to the surrounding healthy tissues. As a result, treatment takes fewer procedures than other forms of radiation therapy.

Gamma Knife treatment has many other advantages:

non-invasiveness;
minimal risk of complications;
no need for general anesthesia;
no blood loss;
short rehabilitation period;
possibility of outpatient treatment;
high accuracy and effectiveness.

After the end of the irradiation procedure, the patient can immediately go home. There is no need for hospitalization.

Gamma Knife has proven itself well in treating elderly patients with concomitant diseases. In addition, it is safe for patients with low blood clotting, allergies to medications, etc.

Gamma Knife side effects

The Gamma Knife risks and side effects are similar to other radiation treatments. However, they are usually milder due to the targeted delivery of radiation to the area of interest. Possible side effects depend on the treated area's size and location and the treatment duration and frequency.

Possible side effects from Gamma Knife radiation include:

headache;
swelling, redness, and irritation of the skin at the treatment site;
nausea and vomiting;
numbness and weakness;
seizures;
temporary or permanent hair loss at the treatment site;
visual or hearing impairments.

The need to fix the head suggests pain, which can be pretty intense even after a session of radiosurgical treatment. Therefore, the doctor may recommend taking analgesics on the first days after Gamma Knife treatment.

The patient may feel more tired in the first few days after therapy. However, during the first week, edema and discomfort at the treatment site usually disappeared.

In addition to the described disadvantages, it is worth pointing out the high cost of such treatment. The Gamma Knife installation is expensive and only available in some hospitals.

In addition, unlike CyberKnife, the Gamma installation does not allow for a uniform dose of radiation in different tumor areas. As a result, distant cells may receive less radiation than in the center, which can lead to disease relapse.

Contraindications of Gamma Knife surgery

With Gamma Knife treatment, neoplasms whose size exceeds 3.5 cm can be removed. Otherwise, the technique will be contraindicated. With glioblastomas, unfortunately, Gamma Knife surgery is ineffective.

Gamma Knife for Brain Cancer

With the help of the Gamma Knife procedure, it is possible to remove tumors in hard-to-reach places without painful incisions and the risk of damage to essential areas of the brain.

Gamma Knife brain surgery successfully destroys or reduces brain tumors or stops their growth by almost 90%. In addition, the procedure often takes place in just one session.

Gamma Knife also is the gold standard of radiosurgery for:

metastatic brain tumors;
benign brain tumors;
brain abnormalities such as arteriovenous malformation;
trigeminal neuralgia.

Gamma Knife Surgery for Acoustic Neuroma

Since acoustic neurinomas are not cancerous, removing the patient's tumor is usually unnecessary. Growing neurinoma leads to irreversible hearing loss. Gamma knife treatment may be the best option. With severe symptoms, it may be the best option. Therapy aims to destroy neurinoma cells by stopping their blood supply.

Gamma knife for Arteriovenous malformations

Gamma Knife surgery is a successful alternative method of treatment of arteriovenous malformations (AVM) when:

Traditional surgery is not possible;
Patients prefer a non-invasive procedure for small AVMs;
AVM is difficult to access in the brain.

Gamma knife radiation closes abnormal AVM blood vessels. The therapy has 70-85% success even after 3-5 years. For AVMs with a size of one to two centimeters, the results of treatment with a gamma knife can reach 92%. Larger AVMs may require several treatment sessions.

The success of the Gamma Knife surgery largely depends on the size of the arteriovenous malformation and its location.

Gamma Knife treatment for Essential Tremor

It is one of the common neurological motor disorders. The disease causes one part of the body to move uncontrollably. The Gamma Knife surgery uses a potent dose of precise radiation to destroy the target tissue and interrupt the signals the brain sends to the muscles, ordering them to move. The treatment procedure is one-day and does not require a hospital stay. Most patients report an improvement in their condition and a decrease in tremors three to six months after the procedure.

Patients with essential tremors have several treatment options. Most often, they have prescribed medications known as beta blockers. Unfortunately, for many patients who have asthma, diabetes, and some heart diseases, using beta-blockers is impossible. Gamma knife surgery is an ideal alternative treatment method for patients who cannot take beta blockers and do not respond to medications.

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Gamma Knife treatment for Parkinson's Disease

Tremor is one of the most common motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. For its treatment, a thalamotomy is used. It is a surgical procedure when nerves are cut in a specific brain area (thalamus).

Thalamotomy with a Gamma knife allows you to destroy a small piece of tissue, similar to how it is done with a traditional operation, but without the need to open the skull. For example, when using radiosurgery in treating Parkinson's disease, tremor indicators in the upper and lower extremities decreased by 77.7% and 71.9%, respectively, after a year.

Gamma Knife Trigeminal Neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia is a pain syndrome. The condition is characterized by intermittent unilateral facial pain. Pain with trigeminal neuralgia usually affects one side (> 95%) of the face.

Gamma Knife surgery is an effective option when medications and other treatments do not alleviate the debilitating pain of trigeminal neuralgia. During therapy, surgeons interrupt the pain signals in the brain, directing radiation precisely to the root of the trigeminal nerve. The effect of such treatment provides anesthesia in 80-96 percent of patients with trigeminal neuralgia even five years after the procedure. If necessary, it can repeat the process.

Pituitary adenoma treatment with Gamma Knife

The pituitary gland is an essential part of the brain that connects the brain's nerves with the endocrine system that controls hormones. The most common type of tumor is an adenoma.

Treatment of pituitary adenoma with a Gamma Knife is often recommended if the tumor has not responded to medication. Gamma Knife surgery is an effective and well-tolerated treatment strategy for most patients with pituitary adenomas. Its accuracy protects the pituitary gland and the nearby optic nerve from excessive radiation. After treatment, neurological and craniocerebral functions are preserved in more than 90% of patients.

Gamma Knife treatment in Germany

Gamma Knife is a modern, safest, and single-use procedure used to fight cancer with a success rate of about 90%. With the help of Gamma Knife surgery, 700 thousand patients received qualified care worldwide and in Germany. Our article aims to help each patient learn more about their condition, upcoming treatment, and what to expect during recovery in the coming days, weeks, and months. In addition, AiroMedical has prepared a selection of the best clinics in Germany capable of treating the disease using Gamma Knife.

Selected German Clinics for Radiosurgery

University Hospital Charite Berlin

Gamma Knife surgery is a joint project of the departments of radiation oncology and radiotherapy, where they provide complex, cutting-edge treatment. What distinguishes this particular clinic from others:

the full range of radiotherapy and neurosurgery is available;
the interdisciplinary oncological commission accepts examination and indications for treatment;
high quality of treatment;
the professionalism of the staff;
personal communication between the patient and the treating team.

Helios Hospital Berlin-Buch

Since 2019, the clinic has been the status of the most modernized hospital in Germany and throughout Europe. More than 90% of patients in their reviews recommend contacting this clinic. It indicates the highest quality of the services and the competence of doctors.

The clinic specializes in the treatment of various types of cancer. As a result, the percentage of patients recovering from therapy performed in the clinic consistently exceeds the national average.
Oncohematologists and neurosurgeons of the clinic are recognized as leading specialists in Europe.
The hospital is equipped with innovative diagnostic and therapeutic equipment.

Northwest Hospital Frankfurt-am-Main

It is one of Germany's largest and most innovative hospitals.

The clinic offers modern treatment technologies, such as X-ray equipment, high-resolution endoscopy, CT, and MRI.
The hospital is known for providing the best services in departments such as Oncology, Hematology, Neurology, Orthopedics, Trauma and spine surgery, General, Obstetrics and gynecology, vascular and thoracic surgery, etc.
The medical staff has 50 years of experience treating foreign patients, providing individual medical services at the highest professional level in combination with scientific guidance.

European Radiosurgery Centre in Munich

It is one of the leading centers that offer treatment of various oncological diseases in Germany. The Oncological center is distinguished by integrating different clinical specialties into medical centers (urological oncological center, neuro-oncological center, etc.). This approach has shown high therapy efficiency and reduced the likelihood of medical errors. Furthermore, thanks to the use of modern equipment and medicines, it is possible to carry out successful treatment of almost any oncological disease. The clinic uses the CyberKnife M6 oncological robot for operations.

Radiotherapy and Gamma Knife Centre Krefeld

It is a multidisciplinary medical center. The hospital closely cooperates with several university clinics in neurosurgery and ophthalmology. Since 1998, more than 10,000 successful procedures have been performed using a Gamma Knife. The success of operations testifies to the outstanding quality and effectiveness of radiosurgical services. The center in Krefeld is the only ISO-certified radiosurgical institution in the world.

Radiotherapy and Gamma Knife Centre Hanover

The Gamma knife and Radiation Therapy Centre offers a full range of medical services in the field of its competence. Irradiation is carried out using the innovative ICON Gamma Knife, the characteristics of which ensure the successful removal of neoplasms up to 3 cm in size without damaging the surrounding healthy tissues. Highly qualified doctors of the center have many years of clinical experience and excellent skills in using this progressive system, so the patient can be sure that he will get the optimal result.

Where to have Gamma Knife treatment?

Why us?

Gamma Knife surgery today is a modern, promising, and highly effective treatment method, thanks to which a patient with brain cancer can maintain an acceptable quality of life for a long time. The specialists of the AiroMedical guarantee their patients the passage of the procedure on the most modern latest equipment, with the subsequent support and consultation of the best-specialized specialists in Germany and across the whole Europe.

Please fill out an application on the website or call us to get a competent consultation on time!

References

National Library of Medicine: Treatment of essential trigeminal neuralgia with gamma knife surgery
Parkinson’s News Today: Motor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease
RadiologyInfo: Gamma Knife
The National Centre for Stereotactic Radiosurgery
BMC: Stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases

Gamma Knife Surgery: Alternative to Many Conditions and More