Colon cancer treatment with radiotherapy

Radiotherapy is an external beam radiation that aims to shrink and destroy cancer in the colon. In most cases, colon cancer treatment with radiotherapy is combined with chemotherapy and surgery. As a result, it reduces the risk of the disease returning. Preparation includes a conversation with the radiation oncologist, who explains the treatment's features and gives recommendations. Before starting treatment, a computer simulation is performed. Then, the doctor uses CT imaging to outline the tumor and create a 3D model. Instead of CT, MRI or PET scans are sometimes performed. Special marks are applied to the skin to mark where the radiation will be directed. It is essential to choose the correct dose and duration of the procedure. The radiologist decides based on the tumor's type, size, localization, and general condition. Radiation should effectively destroy cancer but harm healthy cells as little as possible. During the session, the patient is placed on a table, and a beam of radiation is directed according to the marks on the body. It does not cause pain or discomfort and takes only a few minutes. Then, the patient needs to lie down quietly, with natural breathing. During the treatment, the doctor monitors the condition and the effect of radiation on the body's functions.