Bladder cancer treatment with immunotherapy

Immunotherapy helps patients with cancer to beat the disease by activating their native immune system. This system is vital in detecting, reaching, and destroying tumor cells all over the body. Still, the patient’s immune system might work inappropriately or be partially inactive for many reasons. As a result, the patient’s organism doesn’t fight cancer appropriately and allows primary tumor and cancerous lesions to spread and grow. So, oncologists decided to create a therapy that activates the human immune system and enhances its ability to find and fight cancer. It became known as immunotherapy. The main medications that might be used during immunotherapy include enfortumab vedotin, pembrolizumab, and nivolumab. Currently, these are three main drugs approved by the FDA for bladder cancer immunotherapy. They might be prescribed in different combinations and varying dosages. Immunotherapy medications are administered via intravenous injections and droppers. Depending on the number and dosage of drugs, a single treatment session might take up to a few hours. Immunotherapy is also presented nowadays as an up-and-coming method that significantly increases changes to prevent bladder cancer relapses. Some clinical trials promise up to a 70% decrease in relapse rates after a combined treatment, which includes BCG and injections of other medications for immunotherapy.