Brain metastases treatment with MRI-guided stereotactic laser ablation

MRI-guided laser ablation is a minimally invasive method for treating brain metastases. The procedure reduces risks associated with open surgery and shortens recovery time. It is indicated in treating multiple lesions in hard-to-reach places or near large vessels, nerves, or vital centers. MRI-guided laser ablation consists of several sequential steps: A stereotactic procedure includes taking 3D images and determining the localization of brain metastases. After selecting the critical area, the doctor goes directly to the intervention. The patient receives general anesthesia, and the neurosurgeon carefully makes a tiny, about 3 mm, hole in the skull to access the brain. Next, a laser catheter is inserted into the head and directed to the metastases. The small size and flexibility of the catheter ensure the safety of healthy brain tissue. However, the laser emits energy when the catheter reaches the desired location. As a result, the cancer tissue heats up and breaks down. Neurosurgeons monitor the process with real-time MRI. Exceptional thermographic imaging allows them to estimate the temperature of nearby vital tissues. Finally, when the active part (thermal ablation) is completed, the surgeon carefully removes the catheter and sews the skin. As a rule, the procedure is well tolerated. Most patients can return home and to their usual activities within a few days after it.