Esophageal cancer diagnosis

An esophageal cancer diagnosis is crucial in detecting and treating the disease effectively. The diagnostic process aims to identify the presence and stage of the disease. First, the patient's clinical history is taken, and their medical records are reviewed. Then, a physical examination is followed by a consultation with a gastroenterologist-oncologist to discuss any symptoms or concerns. Next, laboratory tests are conducted to assess kidney and liver function, electrolyte and lipid levels, inflammation blood tests, and tumor markers. These tests help determine the patient's overall health and identify any signs of cancer. Further diagnostic tests include an X-ray with a barium swallow to visualize the esophagus and endoscopic ultrasound imaging to examine the esophageal wall and surrounding tissues. A CT scan of the abdomen and chest to detect any abnormalities or metastases. An endoscopy is performed to examine the esophagus more closely, potentially followed by an endoscopic biopsy. These procedures enable the collection of tissue samples for histopathological examination to confirm the presence and type of cancer. Early detection increases the likelihood of successful treatment, allowing for more targeted and effective therapies. In addition, understanding the cancer stage helps healthcare professionals develop a tailored treatment plan, increasing the chances of a better prognosis and improved quality of life for the patient.