Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treatment with conservative medications

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurological disorder affecting nerve cells responsible for muscle movement. There is no cure for ALS, but there are drugs that can help manage symptoms, slow disease progression, and improve patients' conditions. Before treatment, a diagnosis is necessary to confirm ALS and rule out other conditions with similar symptoms. Physical exams, lab tests, and imaging studies are used. Genetic testing may also be conducted to identify specific gene mutations. Once diagnosed, the treatment process for ALS starts. The first-line treatment for ALS is Riluzole, which has been shown to slow the development of the disease and extend survival. It is typically taken orally. Another medication, Edaravone, may also be prescribed to help slow physical function decline. It is administered intravenously. Doctors may prescribe additional drugs to manage symptoms, such as muscle relaxants for spasticity, pain relievers for discomfort, or medications to help with saliva control and swallowing difficulties. Patients may require drugs or devices to assist with breathing as the disease progresses, such as non-invasive ventilation or cough assist machine. Conservative treatments for ALS are typically used throughout the disease, and their use may change as symptoms evolve. Doctors combine them with physical, occupational, and speech therapy and nutritional support.