Nasopharyngeal cancer diagnosis

Nasopharyngeal cancer is often detected when visiting a doctor due to swelling on the neck or nasal congestion without any signs of a cold. The examination begins with a survey about health, symptoms, and possible risk factors that can provoke cancer. Doctors might recommend blood examinations to check the general state of health. Next, the physician will examine the nasopharynx with a small mirror inserted through the mouth, so-called indirect laryngoscopy. If a tumor is suspected, first of all, direct laryngoscopy is recommended. The examination shows the nasopharynx using a thin, flexible tube with a video camera and a light source at the end, injected through the nose. To confirm the diagnosis, the doctor will take a tissue sample and send it to the laboratory for examination under a microscope (biopsy). If malignant cells are found in the piece, additional studies can be prescribed:CT scan of the head and neck ultrasound to check the tumor location, extension, and metastases. PET-CT scan or bone scan to check for tumor expansion. These procedures clarify whether the tumor has spread to neighboring organs and lymph nodes. These tests will help the doctor decide on the treatment strategy. In addition, an ENT doctor might refer the patient to other specialists to help with further treatment plans.